
Abuse is a choice made by one person to control and oppress another.
Understanding Abuse
Abuse does not have to be physical for it to be abusive. Emotional abuse can often be just as extreme as physical violence and sometimes the hardest to heal from because the effects are largely unseen. Lack of physical violence does not mean the abuser is any less harmful to the victim, nor does it mean the victim is any less trapped by the abuse. Below are examples of different types of abuse. The one element they all share is a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one person against another.
Abusers can be anyone - a spouse, teacher, family member, boss, coach or even friend. Abuse is not bound by age, economic status, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion or nationality. Teaching women the signs of an abusive relationship is a priority for us. The longer you stay in an abusive relationship, the greater the physical and emotional toll. It may not be easy to identify abuse at first. While some relationships are clearly abusive from the outset, abuse often starts subtly and gets worse over time.
The only way to break the cycle of abuse is to take action. Because abuse is more about control than anger, often the victim is the only one who sees the dark side of the perpetrator. Consequently, victims often feel no one would believe them if they told people about their abuse. If you are experiencing abuse, start by telling someone. For immediate help, call the National Domestic Hotline at 1-800-799-7233. It can be really hard to admit you’re in an abusive relationship, but help is available.
Physical Abuse
Perhaps the most recognized form is physical abuse. Behaviors include:
Hitting, slapping, punching, kicking
Burning
Strangulation
Being held captive
Damaging personal property
Refusing medical care and/or controlling medication
Emotional Abuse
Emotional abuse occurs when a person seeks to control another by:
Continuous criticism
Name calling, insulting, mocking
Shaming, humiliating or embarrassing
Rejection of thoughts, ideas and opinions
Extreme jealousy of family and friends
Blaming
Intimidation
Isolation
Gaslighting
Accusations of cheating
Controlling where a person can go or what they can do
Telling a person they are a bad parent or threatening to hurt or take away their children
Sexual Abuse
Sexual abuse ravages the soul, causing unimaginable damage. Sexual abuse is not about sex. It is about power and includes any sexual behavior performed without a person’s consent. Examples include:
Hurting a person physically during sex
Forcing a person to have sex with other people
Pressuring a person to have sex when they don’t want to
Pursuing sexual activity when a person is not fully conscious or too afraid to say no
Technological & Cyber Abuse
Technological and cyber abuse includes the use of technology to control and/or stalk a person. It can happen to people of all ages, but it is more common among teenagers who use technology and social media to interact in a manner often unmonitored by adults. Examples include:
Demanding to know a person’s passwords
Hacking into a person’s email or personal accounts
Impersonating a person’s online identity or creating fake social media accounts in order to harm another’s reputation or relationships
The gathering of photos, videos or personal information to be used online for the purpose of threatening, humiliating or harassing another
Monitoring interactions via social media for tracking purposes
Using spyware or tracking devices in a person’s cell phone or computer to monitor their location, phone calls or messages
Financial Abuse
Financial abuse is one of the most powerful methods of keeping a survivor trapped in an abusive relationship as it diminishes their ability to be independent and remain safe after leaving an abuser. Any behavior that maintains power and control over finances constitutes financial abuse. Examples include:
Damaging a person’s credit score
Hiding or refusing access to financial information
Controlling financial accounts and effectively putting a person on an allowance
Harassing a person at their workplace
Inflicting physical harm or injury that would prevent a person from attending work
Causing a person to lose their job through direct or indirect means